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Airco DH2

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26 Jan 2024 12:27 #1 by Magpie
Airco DH2 was created by Magpie
Rather than build another kit I have decided to build an Airco DH2 from plans on the Outerzone site & printed them out on A3.
The plans were for a 38" electric R/C but am scaling it down to 28" span for rubber power on account of I have neither of the hitec items.
The propellor sits in a cut-out in the rear of the wing so that's a critical dimension.
On the A3 plan the span measures 470mm (2 x 235) so scaling that up by 1.5 x gives 705mm and a cut-out of 210mm.

I have a copy of Autocad 14 but it only works on my XP emulator which won't talk to my printer so it invoves a bit of jiggery-pokery to print out at the correct size.
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26 Jan 2024 13:07 #2 by Magpie
Replied by Magpie on topic Airco DH2
I had intended to cannibalise a glider kit to get the wing ribs but the OZ plan specifies a Clark Y section which is completely new ground to me.
However I have found a site which will print one out so I have put some numbers in & am going to try making my own.
The OZ plan specifies 1.5 deg incidence, & it looks on the plan as if the flat bit of the bottom of the section is 1.5 deg from the horizontal. To get the flat bit on the Airfoil Plotter horizontal I have to enter 2.1 deg in the pitch box.
Is this the same thing or do I just cut out the shape with a flat bottom & use it like that?

airfoiltools.com/plotter/index?airfoil=clarky-il
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26 Jan 2024 15:26 - 26 Jan 2024 15:27 #3 by Eric
Replied by Eric on topic Airco DH2
On the majority of airfoils, find the centre of the leading edge radius, and take a straight line from there to the point of the trailing edge.
That gives you zero degrees aoa..
On a Clark Y, the bottom is flat (ignoring the curve of the l/e, so it is normal to take that as the build 'zero' relative to the fuselage c/l, so the true aoa is about 2.5 degrees nose up (on the wing!)
If you 'split hairs' the Clark Y is technically undercambered, and if you draw the section up using the proper co-ordinates, you will see that.
But in model sizes, as we cannot scale down the air molecules, or it's 'stickiness', it doesn't really matter that much.

if you are calm and collected when all about you are going berserk - you've missed something important!
Last edit: 26 Jan 2024 15:27 by Eric. Reason: typo
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26 Jan 2024 16:31 #4 by Magpie
Replied by Magpie on topic Airco DH2
On the airofoil sit it shows the line from the centre of the leading edge so what is the aoa?
I have played around with the numbers & have seen it produce a concave camber.
The pitch of 2.1 deg gives a flat bottom which the OZ plan uses as the build zero, parallel to the fuselage centre line.

I have printed out a section of the correct size & scanned it back in & am now tring to use Paint Shop to draw in the cut-outs for the edges & spars,
 
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26 Jan 2024 16:42 #5 by Klipkopwildlife
Replied by Klipkopwildlife on topic Airco DH2
Generally speaking, if you extend the flat bottom of the main wing back to the tail plane, then sit the tail plane flat on that extended line, your aoa (Angle of attack) will be good enough. This relationship between the main wing and tail plane is called the longitudinal dihedral or decalage. Combined with the correct CoG (Centre of Gravity) is what makes your aeroplane fly, or not as the case may be.

Do it now, you may never get another chance
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26 Jan 2024 21:38 #6 by Magpie
Replied by Magpie on topic Airco DH2
 
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Its early days yet but this shows an angle between the bottom of the wing & the tail plane.
Presumably I can pack the tailplane at the glide test stage.

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26 Jan 2024 22:38 #7 by Quorneng
Replied by Quorneng on topic Airco DH2
Magpie
At the size you are building coupled with the fact it is a biplane of dubious aerodynamic efficiency I really wouldn't worry too much about the absolute accuracy of the wing section. Of far more importance is the left and right ribs are exactly the same and there are no twists in the wing.
By the same token the effectiveness of the tail plane is, particularly in a biplane, effected by the airflow leaving the wings. Just make sure you can adjust the tail plane incidence resulting from test glides. It will be pure luck if it is right first time.

I built a small Fokker Triplane and found the tail plane leading edge needed raising considerably to what looked like even more incidence than the wings. I did some research and to my amazement the few period pictures showed the full size was exactly the same. Apparently the down wash from the three wings meant the airflow of the tail plane had a significant downward path hence although it looked like it had a positive incidence it was actually in line with the inflight airflow.

I am not too sure the short DH2 fuselage is ideal for rubber power and the tail plane out on 'booms' might be a bit crash 'delicate' but I will follow your build and flying with interest.
.
 
 
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27 Jan 2024 08:34 - 27 Jan 2024 08:37 #8 by Eric
Replied by Eric on topic Airco DH2
As Simon put, the short fuselage will mean a very short motor!
You may have problems 'extending' the motor, so that you can wind it - and I'd fit the rubber in a tube, to minimize the damage caused by the inevitable breakage.
I read a description once, of someone flying a fullsize replica - if I recall it was said that the DH2 could barely stumble out of it's own way.
It was restricted by practicality to making very short - low-level - straight hops, rather like the Edwardian aircraft at Old Warden.
Don't overlook the fact that it was created in the very early days of flying.
I wish you luck with it, but you may find that it makes a better display model, than a flying one!
 

if you are calm and collected when all about you are going berserk - you've missed something important!
Last edit: 27 Jan 2024 08:37 by Eric. Reason: added a comment
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27 Jan 2024 08:38 #9 by Magpie
Replied by Magpie on topic Airco DH2
Apparently the actual aircraft had a bad reputation, being nicknamed "The Spinning Incinerator" at one time. I have only just learnt that in rotary engines the cylinders whizzed round with the propellor & they often fell off!

I'll make the tailplane adjustable with rubber bands like a glider's wings to start with.
Am I right in thinking that the tailplane acts like a lever and tries to hold itself level - or at least in line with the airflow or downwash from the wings.
The OZ model used eighth square spruce for the booms & it had a third longer wingspan.

I have seen a photo where the rubber was between the booms which would make it awkward for winding it up, (as did starting it on the actual plane).
I've thought about winding it up from the nose via a rod or even having another length of rubber in the fuselage.
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27 Jan 2024 08:46 - 27 Jan 2024 08:48 #10 by Eric
Replied by Eric on topic Airco DH2
Rotary engine - yes, the crankshaft is fixed to the fuselage, and the engine cylinders rotated, (so no silencer at all!) and the crankcase was bolted to the prop. The engines were lubricated by castor oil, which went to waste, (via the ground crew and tailplane). As it was a 'pusher' the crew didn't get bathed in the stuff, so they didn't have the biological problem mentioned in a previous thread about rotaries!
But - they did have the same gyroscopic problems caused by a large lump of spinning iron whenever they tried to change direction!
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More rubber in the fuselage - watch out for tensile crushing!

if you are calm and collected when all about you are going berserk - you've missed something important!
Last edit: 27 Jan 2024 08:48 by Eric. Reason: added a comment
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27 Jan 2024 10:22 #11 by Magpie
Replied by Magpie on topic Airco DH2
Because its very early is part of its appeal, & also its unusual design, I've always fancied building a Canard!

This video shows an actual plane flying.....

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27 Jan 2024 13:08 - 27 Jan 2024 13:09 #12 by Eric
Replied by Eric on topic Airco DH2
With respect - that's not a canard!
A canard has it's 'tailplane' at the front, and the main wing at the back - look at Bert Rutan's varieze and longeze to see canards!
The Bristol 'boxkite' had both! Elevator at the front, and rudders and another tailplane at the back!
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I think that the word 'canard' is French for Duck!

if you are calm and collected when all about you are going berserk - you've missed something important!
Last edit: 27 Jan 2024 13:09 by Eric. Reason: added a comment
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27 Jan 2024 15:18 #13 by Magpie
Replied by Magpie on topic Airco DH2
Yes I realise that, I meant it as an alternative , obviously not writing what I meant.
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27 Jan 2024 16:21 #14 by Magpie
Replied by Magpie on topic Airco DH2
It mustn't have been a photo I saw of the rubber motor in the tail boom, it was this drawing.
Wound from the nose via a knitting needle - it even gives the size!

 
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27 Jan 2024 16:24 #15 by Klipkopwildlife
Replied by Klipkopwildlife on topic Airco DH2
It's important to remember that you only ever got to crash once! A report I read said that it would only climb straight ahead, any attempt to turn resulted in loss of height.

Do it now, you may never get another chance
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